Everything in Refrigeration

Refrigeration is the process of removing heat from an enclosed space, or from a substance, and rejecting it elsewhere for the primary purpose of lowering the temperature of the enclosed space or substance and then maintaining that lower temperature. The term cooling refers generally to any natural or artificial process by which heat is dissipated. The process of artificially producing extreme cold temperatures is referred to as cryogenics.

Description of a basic chiller refrigeration system: Starting at the compressor; the refrigerant is compressed and sent out of the compressor as a high temperature, high pressure, superheated gas. The refrigerant travels to the condenser (Which can be air cooled by fans or water cooled by tower or city water). The condenser changes the refrigerant from a high temperature gas to a warm temperature liquid. It then travels into a receiver (optional component). It continues to the Thermal Expansion valve or TXV. The TXV meters the proper amount of refrigerant into the evaporator. The TXV takes the high pressure liquid and changes it to a low pressure cold saturated gas. This saturated gas enters the evaporator where it is changed to a cool dry gas (no liquid present). The cool "dry" gas then re-enters the compressor to be pressurized again.....The hot gas by pass (unloader assembly) is used to stabilize the cooling output of the refrigeration system by allowing hot gas to warm up the cool evaporator. This causes a reduction in to cooling efficiency and a stabilizing of the chilled water temperatures. There are a few other unloader concepts that are used in the refrigeration systems, but ideally accomplish the same outcome. There are also other specialized components that you may find on "your" chillers' refrigeration lines; such as solenoid valves, a liquid site glass, accumulators or subcool